Contour class divider

ABSTRACT

In accordance with at least one aspect of this disclosure, a contoured class divider for dividing an aircraft cabin arrangement between at least one forward passenger seat and at least one aft passenger seat, includes a panel positioned adjacent to and rearwardly of the at least one forward seat. The panel has a contoured shape for receiving the back of the forward passenger seat in at least one of a reclined position and an upright position. The panel extends substantially from an underside of an overhead bin to a cabin floor. In embodiments, at least a portion of the panel is configured to deform or break during a crash event due to one or more of a head impact by a passenger in the aft passenger seat with the panel and/or inertial forces of the crash event acting on the panel.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a Divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/379,145, filed, Jul. 19, 2021, which is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/944,310 filed Apr. 3, 2018 which claimed benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/481,244 filed Apr. 4, 2017 and was a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application No. 15/291,863 filed Oct. 12, 2016, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/153,104 filed May 12, 2016, which claims benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/317,706 filed Apr. 4, 2016. These priority applications are incorporated by reference herein in their entireties. PCT/US16/32061 filed May 12, 20116 is also incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

The present disclosure relates to commercial aircraft multi-class cabin arrangements and how they can be efficiently separated from each other. One method to achieve division of the seat groups is by providing a hard divider between rows of seats attached to the aircraft seat tracks and an upper support element such as an overhead storage bin assembly.

Head Injury Criteria (HIC) requirements are provided, for example, by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to establish standards in passenger protection in

passenger aircraft cabin design. Certain HIC requirements are set forth in 14 CFR 23.562, which is incorporated herein by reference. The HIC requirements, for example, may specify clearance requirements within a head impact zone to reduce likelihood of passenger concussion in the event of an emergency such as rapid deceleration. Further, the requirements may specify deflection forces against objects that are within the head impact zone of a passenger, such as a fore passenger seat. In this manner, should a passenger's head impact an object such as the forward headrest of the fore passenger seat, the force of the impact is absorbed at least in part through the headrest design.

Federal regulations also dictate certain standards for static load handling, load sharing and dynamic load handling. 14 CFR 25.562 (incorporated herein by reference) provides that seats and restraint systems must be able to withstand a 16 G dynamic load. 14 CFR 25.561 (incorporated herein by reference) provides that other aircraft structures such as bulkheads must be able to withstand a 9 G forward static load. It is understood in the industry that if structures are spaced within one inch of one another, it must be demonstrated that the structures are capable of sharing loads during normal use and emergency landing conditions. Due to the complexity of the analysis, those skilled in the art of aircraft interior components generally avoid placing components within one inch of one another. For this reason, a minimum spacing of one inch has generally been maintained between bulkheads and seating systems (e.g. between a bulkhead and the aft surface of an aircraft seat).

SUMMARY

In one aspect, to optimize the usable space between cabin classes, a contoured class divider according to this application is specifically designed to nest into the volume behind the seat body following the profile of the seatback while still allowing for adequate seatback recline. In some embodiments, the form of the divider allows the seat immediately behind the contoured class divider to be located several inches closer to the seat forward of it, thus increasing the opportunity for increased seat pitch and passenger legroom in the cabin.

In one aspect, to increase passenger safety in the event of a rapid deceleration (e.g., as would occur during an emergency landing) a locking mechanism is design to release to allow the partition to move forwardly, increasing the clearance between the passenger and the divider. The locking mechanism, in one example, may include a shear pin which remains in its locked position until it is subjected to longitudinal acceleration associated with an emergency landing. Under those conditions the deceleration force experienced by the divider is sufficient to overcome the pin static shear force and the divider moves forwardly.

In another aspect, to increase passenger safety in the event of rapid deceleration, a contoured class divider according to this application includes at least one energy absorbing zone to absorb the energy of a head impact in the event of an emergency situation. In one example, an energy absorbing zone includes one or more structurally weakened portions designed to deform or break as a result of a threshold dynamic load. In other examples, the energy absorbing zone includes one or more portions embedded with energy absorbing material. The energy absorbing material may be foam. In further examples, the energy absorbing zone is designed to deform in a predetermined manner.

In a further aspect, the placement of a class divider panel within less than one inch of a seat or restraint system is facilitated by providing a known impact or

interaction points between the divider and seat back. Impact protrusions or other design elements described herein may provide known points at which the divider will impact the seat, which will in turn simplify and make practical the calculations necessary to show that the divider and seat are able to withstand the projected load sharing in an emergency landing.

These and other objects and advantages of the embodiments described herein may be achieved, in some implementations, by providing a contoured class divider that includes a curved panel. The curved panel may be mounted into seat tracks “T” fittings behind a selected row of seats. The curve of the panel may closely correspond to the shape of the back of the selected row of seats and may nest into the volume behind the seatback while still allowing for adequate seatback recline. More specifically, a contoured class divider may be provided for dividing an aircraft cabin according to a predetermined class arrangement and including a divider panel having a contour closely matching a contour of a forward-positioned seatback and adapted for being positioned in closely, spaced-apart relation to the seatback for providing additional space aft of the seat. At least one leg may be provided for supporting the panel about an aircraft cabin deck. A viewing window may be formed in the panel for providing the ability of a flight attendant to observe areas of the cabin forward of the divider.

In one non-limiting illustrative example, a contoured class divider for dividing an aircraft cabin may include a panel positioned between a aft seat and a forward seat, the panel having an aft-facing convex contour closely matching an aft-facing contour of a seatback of the forward seat and configured to provide a gain of space forward of the aft seat; and at least one foot inserted into a seat track of the aircraft cabin; an articulation system to articulate the panel from a rearward position to a forward position and to increase the space between the divider and the seats immediately aft thereof (or, alternatively, permit those seats to be moved forward and, in some configurations, thereby enable an additional row of seats to be disposed on the airplane); and at least one connector that connects a top end of the panel and an overhead structural element of the aircraft cabin.

In one non-limiting illustrative example, a contoured class divider for dividing an aircraft cabin includes a panel positioned between a aft seat and a forward seat, the panel having an aft-facing convex contour closely matching an aft-facing contour of a seatback of the forward seat seatback and configured to provide increased space between the divider and the seats immediately aft thereof (or, alternatively, permit those seats to be moved forward and, in some configurations, thereby enable an additional row of seats to be disposed on the airplane), and a head impact zone configured to limit an impact shock between a passenger head and the panel; and at least one foot inserted into a seat track of the aircraft cabin; an articulation system to articulate the panel from a rearward position to a forward position and to increase the gain of space forward of the aft seat; and at least one connector that connects a top end of the panel and an overhead structural element of the aircraft cabin.

In one non-limiting illustrative example, an apparatus to divide class sections within a commercial aircraft is presented. The apparatus may include a divider panel positioned between an aft seat and a forward seat, the panel having an aft-facing convex contour closely matching an aft-facing contour of a seatback of the forward seat seatback and configured to provide increased space between the divider and the seats immediately aft thereof (or, alternatively, permit those seats to be moved forward and, in some configurations, thereby enable an additional row of seats to be disposed on the airplane). The apparatus may include at least one impact protrusion configured to be the initial point of impact if the forward seat makes contact with the panel. The panel may include at least one foot inserted into a seat track of the aircraft cabin. The apparatus may include an articulation system to articulate the panel from a rearward position to a forward position and vice-versa, allowing the gain of space forward of the aft seat; and at least one connector that connects a top end of the panel and an overhead structural element of the aircraft cabin.

In accordance with at least one aspect of this disclosure, a contoured class divider for dividing an aircraft cabin arrangement between at least one forward passenger seat and at least one aft passenger seat, includes a panel positioned adjacent to and rearwardly of the at least one forward seat. The panel has a contoured shape for receiving the back of the forward passenger seat in at least one of a reclined position and an upright position. The panel extends substantially from an underside of an overhead bin to a cabin floor. In embodiments, at least a portion of the panel is configured to deform or break during a crash event due to one or more of a head impact by a passenger in the aft passenger seat with the panel and/or inertial forces of the crash event acting on the panel.

In certain embodiments, the portion of the panel configured to deform or break during the crash event can include at least one energy absorbing zone on an aft facing portion of the panel for absorbing energy from a passenger's head in the aft passenger seat during the crash event.

In certain embodiments, the at least one energy absorbing zone can include a portion of the panel having perforations or slots defined in a core of the panel configured to weaken the structural integrity of the panel at the at least one energy absorbing zone. In certain embodiments, the panel can be covered in a fabric having a predetermined surface tension sufficiently high to have a rigid surface appearance but sufficiently low to deflect into the perforations or slots of the core of the panel upon impact of a passenger's head in the aft passenger seat during the crash event.

In certain embodiments, the at least one energy absorbing zone can include a portion of the panel having perforations or slots machined into the panel to weaken the structural integrity of the panel at the at least one energy absorbing zone for absorbing energy from a passenger's head in the aft passenger seat during the crash event.

In certain embodiments, the panel can be made of a first material and the at least one energy absorbing zone can include a portion of the panel made of a second material, different from the first material. The second material can be a cushioning material configured to deform during upon impact of a passenger's head in the aft passenger seat during the crash event.

In embodiments, the panel can further include an articulating joint disposed in the panel, wherein the panel is configured to bend or deform about, at least, the articulating joint.

In certain embodiments, the articulating joint can include a pop joint disposed in the panel separating the panel into an upper panel portion and a lower portion. The upper panel portion can be slidably engaged within an upper support assembly mounted to the underside of the over-head bin (e.g., a slip joint). The lower panel portion can be rotatably engaged to the lower support assembly (e.g., via a lower articulating joint mounted to the cabin floor). The panel can be configured to bend or deform about the pop joint such that the upper panel portion and the lower panel portion articulate relative to one another about the pop joint to move from an aft position to a forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event.

In certain embodiments, the upper panel portion can be slidably engaged with an upper support assembly mounted to the underside of the overhead bin (the upper support assembly configured to slide relative to the upper support assembly), where the upper support assembly can include a monitor or stowage bin. The upper panel portion can be configured to rotate about the pop joint from an aft position to a forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event. In certain such embodiments, in the forward position the upper panel portion can be disengaged from the upper support assembly (e.g., not touching), and the lower panel portion can remain stationary.

In certain embodiments, the articulating joint can include a pop joint disposed on the lower support assembly above the cabin floor. The panel can include an upper panel portion mounted to the underside of the overhead bin and a lower panel portion rotatably connected to the lower support assembly via the pop joint. The upper portion can include a magnetic catch and the lower panel portion can be configured to magnetically interact with the magnetic catch in an aft position. The lower panel portion can be configured to rotate about the pop joint from the aft position to a forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event. In the forward position, the lower panel portion can be disengaged from the upper panel portion (e.g., not touching). In such embodiment, the upper panel portion can remain stationery.

In certain embodiments, the lower support assembly can further include a shock absorbing ram and the lower panel portion can be configured to rotate about the pop joint from the aft position to the a forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event until the lower panel portion engages the shock absorbing ram.

In certain embodiments, the upper support assembly can include an upper articulating joint mounted to the underside of the overhead bin, and the articulating joint can include a pop joint disposed in the panel separating the panel into an upper panel portion rotatably connected the upper support assembly and a lower panel portion rotatably connected to the lower support assembly via a lower articulating joint. The upper panel portion and the lower panel portion can be configured to rotate relative to one another about the pop joint and about to the upper articulating joint and lower articulating joints respectively to move from an aft position to a forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event. In certain embodiments, the lower support assembly can further include a rotary speed limiter configured to limit a speed at which the panel moves to the forward position.

In certain embodiments, a magnetic catch disposed adjacent the upper support assembly, and mounted to the underside of the overhead bin. A portion of the upper panel portion can be configured to magnetically interact with the magnetic catch, and the upper panel portion and the lower panel portion can be configured to rotate relative to one another about the pop joint and about to the upper articulating joint and lower articulating joints respectively to move from an aft position to a forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event. In certain such embodiments, the upper panel portion can magnetically interact with the magnetic catch in the aft position and is released from the magnetic catch due to the inertial forces and moved to the forward position where the upper panel portion is no longer interacting with the magnetic catch.

In certain embodiments, the upper support assembly can include a monitor or stowage bin mounted to the underside of the overhead bin and an upper articulating joint, the upper articulating joint mounted to an underside of the monitor or stowage bin. The articulating joint can include a pop joint disposed in the panel separating the panel into an upper panel portion rotatably mounted the upper articulating joint and a lower panel portion slidably engaged within the lower support assembly (e.g., via slip joint). The upper panel portion and the lower panel portion can be configured to rotate relative to one another about the pop joint and the upper panel portion can be configured to rotate about the upper articulating joint to move from an aft position to a forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event. In such embodiments, the class divider can further include a magnetic catch mounted to an underside of the monitor or stowage bin. A portion of the upper panel portion can be configured to magnetically interact with the magnetic catch with the panel in the forward position, and not in the aft position.

In certain embodiments, the articulating joint can be disposed on the lower support assembly above the cabin floor, and the panel can include an upper panel portion mounted to the underside of the overhead bin and a lower panel portion rotatably connected to the lower support assembly via the articulating joint. The upper panel portion can include a magnetic catch and the lower panel portion can be configured to magnetically interact with the magnetic catch in an aft position. The lower panel portion can be configured to rotate about the articulation joint to move from the aft position to a forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event. In the forward position the lower panel portion can be disengaged from the upper panel portion. The lower support assembly can also include a base member and the lower panel portion can have a counterweight at a lower end thereof, the lower panel portion configured to rotate about the articulating joint to from the aft position to the forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event until the counterweight engages the base member.

In certain embodiments, the panel can from an upper support assembly mounted to the underside of the overhead bin to a lower support assembly. The upper support assembly can include a slip joint and an upper edge of the panel can be slidably engaged within the slip joint. The lower support assembly can include an articulating joint mounted to the cabin floor and a lower edge of the panel can be rotatably connected to the articulating joint. An aft facing side of the panel can include a plurality of cavities defined therein such that the plurality of cavities are configured to allow the panel to deform from an aft position to a forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event.

In embodiments, the panel can include a upper panel portion fixedly mounted to the underside of the overhead bin, a lower panel portion fixedly mounted to the cabin floor, where the lower panel portion offset from the upper panel portion such that the lower panel portion is closer to the forward facing seat than to the aft passenger seat. A mid panel portion can extend between the upper panel portion and the lower panel portion, and, in certain embodiments, the mid panel portion can be releasably engaged with the upper panel portion and operatively connected to the lower panel portion via an articulating joint. In certain such embodiments, the mid panel portion can be configured to rotate about the articulating joint to move from an aft position to the forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event. In certain such embodiments, only the mid panel portion can articulate in response to the inertial forces during the crash event (e.g., the upper and lower panel portions can be configured to remain stationary).

In certain embodiments, the upper panel portion can be made of a first material, the lower panel portion can be made of a second material, and the mid panel portion can be made of a third material different from the first and second materials. In certain embodiments, the mid panel portion can be made of a fabric material configured to break away from the upper panel portion to move from an operational position to a released position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event. In certain such embodiments, only the mid panel portion can be configured to break away in response to the inertial forces during the crash event (e.g., the upper and lower panel portions can be configured to remain stationary).

In accordance with at least one aspect of this disclosure, a contoured class divider for dividing an aircraft cabin arrangement between at least one forward passenger seat and at least one aft passenger seat can include, a panel positioned, in use, adjacent to and rearwardly of the at least one forward seat. The panel can have a contoured shape for receiving the back of the forward passenger seat in at least one of a reclined position and an upright position. The panel can include an upper panel portion and a lower panel portion, the upper panel portion operatively coupled to an underside of an overhead bin and the lower panel portion operatively coupled to a cabin floor. The panel can include an articulate portion of the panel including an upper shell member hingedly coupled to the upper panel portion and a lower shell member hingedly coupled to the lower panel portion and means to articulate the upper and lower shell members to pivot about their respective hinged couplings from a first position during normal operation to a second position during a crash event. In embodiments, in the second position the shells are, in use, configured to provide clearance for expected travel of an aft-seated passenger's head during the crash event. The divider further includes an inertial release mechanism configured to permit the upper shell member and the lower shell member to articulate from the first position to the second position during the crash event.

In accordance with at least one aspect of this disclosure, a contoured class divider for separating regions of an aircraft cabin between at least one forward passenger seat and at least one aft passenger seat, can include a panel for positioning aft of the at least one forward passenger seat, the panel including one or more panel portions and having a contoured shape for receiving the back of the at least one forward passenger seat in at least a reclined position. The divider can further include, an upper assembly for securing the panel to an upper cabin structure, a lower support assembly for securing the panel to a floor of the aircraft cabin, and means to articulate at least an upper panel portion of the one or more panel portions from an aft position during normal operation to a forward position during an emergency event. In embodiments, the upper assembly can include a structure configured to accommodate changes in the distance between the means to articulate and the upper assembly.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A more complete appreciation of the innovations and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily obtained as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, where:

FIG. 1 is a forward perspective view of an aircraft cabin, showing an example contoured class divider and forward-positioned seats;

FIG. 2 is a side view of an example contoured class divider and forward-positioned seat;

FIG. 3 is an aft perspective view of an example contoured class divider; FIG. 4A is a forward perspective view of an example contoured class divider;

FIG. 4B is a forward perspective view of another example contoured class divider;

FIG. 5 is a forward perspective view of an example set of two side class dividers and a center class divider;

FIG. 6 is a partial plan view of an aircraft cabin showing an example placement of side contoured class dividers and a center class divider;

FIGS. 7A-7I illustrate side views of example contoured class dividers showing embodiments of articulation systems;

FIGS. 8A-8C illustrate views of an example locking system for locking a position of the contoured class divider upon articulation;

FIGS. 9A-9C are forward perspective views of example contoured class dividers with a head impact zone;

FIGS. 9D-9E are forward perspective views of an example contoured class divider with another head impact zone protection feature;

FIGS. 10A-10C illustrate example impact protrusion configurations for establishing an impact zone between a contoured class divider and forward-positioned seats;

FIG. 11 is a side view of an example contoured class divider designed for affixing to at least one forward-positioned passenger seat; and

FIGS. 12 through 42 illustrate further embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

Referring now specifically to FIG. 1 of the drawings, a contoured port side class divider 10 is positioned directly behind a row of two first or business class passenger seats S such as are conventionally found in commercial aircraft cabins. Such cabins typically include both structural and decorative panels and overhead stowage bins for passenger luggage and other items. The divider 10 may include a fixed, rigid monument in the form of a panel 12 attached to floor-mounted seat tracks “T” and the overhead stowage bin “B” of the aircraft cabin. The exact attachment configuration may be dependent upon aircraft type and cabin configuration. The contoured port side class divider 10 may include an attendant viewing window 14. The attendant viewing window 14, for example, may be inset into an outer corner of the upper part of the panel 12 that can be defined by the airlines' cosmetic specifications. The window 14 may be clear or automatically dimmable. The divider 10 may separate a premium cabin area (e.g. first class or business class) from another cabin area (e.g. coach class seating).

Referring to FIG. 2 , in some embodiments, a contoured class divider 200 optimizes use of the space behind the seat 202 that is normally not utilized or inefficiently utilized. By forming a panel 204 that follows the contour of the back of seat 202, the passenger in the seats aft of the divider may be provided enhanced space while also enhancing the ability of the seat and divider system to meet Head Impact Criteria (HIC) requirements. As shown, the panel 204 in the rear-facing direction is generally concave with a lower section 204 a that is relatively flat in order to accommodate optionally supplied pockets 22 (illustrated in FIG. 1 ) for use by occupants of aft-positioned seats.

Returning to FIG. 1 , three pockets 22 correspond to three main cabin seats (not shown) positioned immediately aft of the pockets. The contoured divider enables the aft seats (not shown) to be moved forward one to six inches towards the divider 10, more preferably three to five inches toward the divider 10 and in an embodiment about four inches toward the divider 10. A panel 12, in some embodiments, is elevated off the floor by support legs 16, 18, allowing for stowage of passenger items under the seats S forward of the divider 10 by the passengers in the three main cabin seats.

The legs 16, 18, in some embodiments, are bowed rearwardly in a convex manner. This may provide additional clearance between the legs 16, 18 of the divider 10 and the rear legs of the seat. Such a configuration may provide enhanced resistance to deflection of the divider in the aft direction, as might occur if divider is impacted by excessive recline of the seatback of the seat S or 202 or if forced rearwardly by a passenger. In alternative configurations, the legs 16, 18 are bowed forwardly in a concave manner (not shown). This configuration has the advantages that the legs 16, 18 generally follow the contour of the rear legs of the seats 202, provide more ingress and egress foot clearance for passengers in the three main cabin seats, and enhanced resistance to forward deflection of the divider.

Referring to FIG. 3 , a top end of the divider 10 may be secured against deflection by a connector 20 that attaches the divider 10 to an overhead structure below the bins B. Therefore, both the top and bottom of the divider 10 may be secured against movement. In the circumstance of a stationary mount of the divider 10, sufficient space may be provided between the panel 12 and the seats S to allow for the conventional amount of seatback recline. The panel 12 may also provide additional legroom for the occupants of seats aft of the divider 10 through both the contoured curve and the opening provided by the legs 16, 18.

In some embodiments, the legs 16, 18 are coupled to the divider by force distributing flanges 24 and 26. These flanges disperse the load transferred between the legs and panel 12 such that the panel can be of a relatively lightweight construction with either modest or no structural reinforcement in the region of the leg 16 and 18.

Returning to FIG. 2 , in some embodiments an upper portion 204 b of the panel 204 is generally straight and arranged in a substantially vertical orientation when in the normal operative position (illustrated in dotted lines). The upper portion 204 b may include a connector (not illustrated), such as connector 20 of FIG. 1 , to secure the contoured divider panel 200 to an overhead structure, such as overhead storage bins. The contoured class divider 200, in some embodiments, is designed to automatically move to a forward position (shown in solid lines) in an emergency landing situation (i.e., under substantial deceleration) or other emergency circumstance. For example, to provide additional head clearance for aft-positioned passengers in the event of an emergency landing, the contoured class divider 200 may be configured to automatically actuate from its rearward position (dashed lines) to the forward position (solid lines). Various configurations designed to enable automatic deflection of the contoured class divider position are described in detail below.

In another example, the contoured class divider 200 may be positioned in the forward (solid line) position during take-off and landing, and in the rearward (dashed line) position in-flight. For example, as illustrated in dashed lines, the passenger seat 202′ may only have clearance to move to a rearward position (illustrated in dashed lines) when the contoured class divider is positioned in the rear (dashed line) position. In this situation, the positioning of the contoured class divider 200 may be actuated by a passenger or crew member. In one example, a passenger may cause the contoured class divider 200 to actuate to a rearward position by selecting a control such as the conventional passenger seat back recline control. In another example, a crew member may have access to a control positioned proximate the overhead bin (e.g. on the underside of the bin adjacent the slot into which a connector extends, or inside the bin).

Referring now to FIG. 5 , a set of contoured dividers, in some implementations, include a port divider 30, a center divider 50, and a starboard divider 70. Port divider 30, as illustrated, includes a panel 32. The port divider 30, in some examples, may be attached to floor-mounted seat tracks via legs 36, 38 and to the overhead stowage bin of the aircraft cabin via connector 42 in a manner similar to that described in relation to FIGS. 1 and 2 . The connector 42 preferably mates with the overhead bin in a manner that permits the panel to actuate between the forward and rearward positions. The exact attachment configuration, in some embodiments, is dependent upon aircraft type and cabin configuration. The divider may include an attendant viewing window 34 that is inset into an outer corner of the upper part of the panel 32 that permits crew to view through the divider 30 when standing. The provides privacy for the seated passengers while improving visibility of standing crew members. The window 34, in some examples, may be clear or have electronically adjustable opacity, tint, or reflectivity.

The panel 32, in the illustrative embodiment, is generally concave in the rear-facing direction with a lower section 32 a that is relatively flat. The lower section 32 a, for example, may be designed to accommodate pockets 40 for use by occupants of aft-positioned seats. The profile of the top end of the panel 32, in the illustrative embodiment, is curved to fit a fuselage and storage bin configuration different than that shown in FIGS. 1-4 . The port divider 30 may be secured against deflection by a connector 42 that attaches the port divider to an overhead structure (not shown) such as the underside of a storage bin.

The center divider 50, in some embodiments, includes a panel 52. The center divider 50, in some examples, may be attached to floor-mounted seat tracks via legs 56, 58, 60, and 62 and to the overhead stowage bin of the aircraft cabin by connectors 64, 66 in the manner discussed above. The center divider 50 may include, for example, an attendant viewing window 54 that is inset into an outer corner of the upper part of the panel 52 that may have the properties discussed above. Legs 56, 58, 62, and 62 may be bowed rearwardly as shown and as described above. The panel 52 in the rear-facing direction, in the illustrative embodiment, is generally concave with a lower section 52 a that is relatively flat. The lower section 52 a, for example, may be designed to accommodate pockets 68 for use by occupant's main cabin seats positioned immediately aft of the divider 50. The profile of the top end of the panel 52, in the illustrative embodiment, is curved to fit storage bins mounted on the center aisle above the center passengers. The center divider 50 may be secured against deflection by connectors 64, 66 that attach the center divider 50 to an overhead structure, not shown. The connectors preferably permit the divider to move between a rear position and forward position, as discussed above.

A starboard side divider 70, in some implementations, may be attached to floor-mounted seat tracks via legs 76, 78 and to the overhead stowage bin of the aircraft cabin via connector 82 in a manner similar to that described above. The starboard divider 70 may include an attendant viewing window 74 that is inset into a corner of the upper part of the panel 72 that may have the properties and functionality discussed above. The panel 72 in the rear-facing direction, in the illustrative embodiment, is generally concave with a lower section 72 a that is relatively flat. The lower section 72 a, for example, may be designed to accommodate pockets for use by occupants of passengers in the seats immediately aft of the divider 70. The profile of the top end of the panel 82, in the illustrative embodiment, is curved to fit a storage bin configuration different than that shown in FIGS. 1-4 . The connector 82 preferably permits the divider to move between a rear position and forward position, as discussed above.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the port side, center and starboard side class dividers 30, 50 and in an illustrative embodiment, are positioned to divide an aircraft cabin into separate classes. The dividers advantageously form a divider system wherein the starboard, center and port dividers are positioned at varying longitudinal positions (fore/aft) in the cabin. This helps accommodate galley and other structures which are often disposed in the center of the cabin and can require the center column of seats to be shifted rearwardly relative to the starboard a port columns of seats.

FIG. 7A is a side view of an example contoured class divider 700 shown the rearward position. The contoured class divider 700, for example, may be similar to the contoured class divider 10 illustrated in FIG. 4A. The class divider 700 includes a panel section 706 positioned between a storage bin region 714 and at least one leg 708, and a foot or floor mount 710. The floor mount 710, for example, may be a portion of the leg(s) 708 that is inserted in floor-mounted seat tracts 712. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 4A, the contoured class divider 700 may include a total of two legs 708 (e.g., such as legs 16 of class divider 10) and two feet 710. The passenger seat 704, as illustrated, may move from an upright position (illustrated in solid lines) to a reclined position (illustrated in dashed lines) where a seatback region 704 a of the passenger seat 704 is nested proximate a curved area of the contoured class divider 700 while the seat is in a reclined position. Although illustrated as being positioned a distance away from the contoured class divider 700, in other embodiments, the contoured class divider 700 may be designed for load sharing between the passenger seat 704 and the panel section 706. In such configurations, the distance between the seat and the divider in certain operative configurations is less than one inch.

FIG. 7B is a side view of the example contoured class divider 700 in a rearward (solid lines) and forward (dashed line) positions. The seat 704 is shown in the upright or take-off taxi and landing (TTOL) position. The contoured class divider 700, in some embodiments, includes the articulation system 702 to articulate the divider 700 from a rearward position (illustrated in solid lines) to a forward position (illustrated in dashed lines). The articulation system includes a pivotable or hinged floor mount 702 a and an upper connector 702 b that moves between a forward and a rearward position. In the forward position, the space behind the forward positioned passenger seats, such as the passenger seat 704, may be minimized such that the divider 700 more readily meets the FAA's Head Injury Criterion (HIC) requirements for the passenger seats immediately aft the contoured class divider 700. While in the forward position (dashed lines), for example, increased space between a set of aft passenger seats (not illustrated) and the contoured class divider 700 may be outside of a conventional head impact zone (e.g., range of typical sized passenger head movement during an emergency deceleration). While in the rearward position (solid lines), in some implementations, the space aft the passenger seat 704 is adequate to provide clearance for conventional range of seatback recline for the passenger seat 704. For example, the forward position (dashed lines) can be used during a taxi takeoff landing (TTOL) phase or an emergency situation, e.g. anticipated impact, anticipated ditching, anticipated forced landing, while the rearward position can be used during a cruise phase. In another example, the divider may be placed in the forward position (dashed lines) only in emergency circumstances only.

The articulation of the contoured class divider 700 from the rearward position (solid lines) to the forward position (dashed lines), in some implementations, is configured to increase seating capacity and space for other cabin amenities while conforming to HIC requirements. The contour and/or articulation of the contoured class divider 700 may enable the main cabin seats positions immediately aft the contoured class divider 700 to be moved forward up to 6 inches (towards the contoured class divider 700) due to the increased clearance provided by the contour and/or articulation of the class divider 700. This may in many cabin configurations enable the insertion of an additional row of main cabin and/or premium cabin seats. Alternatively or additionally, the space savings provided by the class divider may alternatively be utilized to improve passenger comfort, as by enlarging the living space of for the passengers seated immediately aft of the divider or enlarging the living space in a number of rows (e.g., by increasing the seat pitch in the premium cabin, the forward portion of the main cabin, or the rear portion of the main cabin) without reducing the number of seats on the aircraft. Seat pitch is the distance between like points on seats juxtaposed fore and aft of one another.

In other embodiments, the divider 700 provides 1-12 inches of additional clearance, 2-10 inches of additional clearance, 3-9 inches of additional clearance, 4-8 inches of additional clearance, 5-7 inches of additional clearance or about six inches of additional clearance. As discussed herein below, up to an additional inch of clearance may be provided by positioning the seat and divider in close proximity (less than one inch apart) such that they share loads during normal operation and/or emergency landings.

The articulation system 702, in some implementations, includes at least one pivot mechanism 702 a to enable articulation of the contoured class divider 700 from the rearward position (solid lines) to the forward position (dashed lines), and vice-versa, via a rotation or pivoting of at least the panel 706 of the contoured class divider 700 between the rearward and forward positions. The at least one pivot mechanism 702 a can be placed at a predetermined position on the contoured class divider 700, in one example, to maximize the additional clearance generated by the articulation of the contoured class divider 700 from the rearward position (solid lines) to the forward position (dashed lines). As illustrated, for example, the at least one pivot mechanism 702 a (such as a rotatable pin connection) can be placed on the leg(s) 708 at top part of the foot 710. The at least one pivot mechanism 702 a for example, may be configured to rotate the panel 700 around a rotation axis substantially parallel to a floor of the aircraft cabin, as illustrated in FIG. 7B, providing a rotation range “A” of the contoured class divider 700. The positioning of the pivot mechanism 702 a may in some embodiments dictate the contour of the divider in that the divider is shaped or contoured to closely follow the contour of the seat back. The rotation range “A” may be about 1-15 degrees, about 2-14 degrees, about 3-13 degrees, about 4-12 degrees, about 5-11 degrees, about 6-10 degrees, about 7-9 degrees or about 8 degrees.

In some embodiments, the articulation system 702 further includes a locking mechanism 702 b for locking the contoured class divider 700 in either the rearward position (solid lines) or the forward position (dashed lines). The locking mechanisms are discussed in greater detail below in relation to FIGS. 8A-C.

As mentioned above, the divider may be positioned in the rearward position at all times until an emergency landing occurs. The decelerative force of the emergency landing moves the divider to the forward position without interfering with the seat because the seat will be in the TTOL position during an emergency landing. This configuration advantageously provides full recline for the seat forward of the divider (in the first, business or premium cabin) while provide the aforementioned amounts of additional clearance.

In an alternative embodiment, the divider is routinely articulated between the forward and rearward positions by crew members. For instance, after reaching cruising altitude the crew may move the divider to the rearward position. In preparation for TTOL, the crew may move the divider to a forward position.

FIG. 7C depicts the functionality of the seat when the divider is in the rearward position. The seat 704 may fully recline in the depicted embodiment without coming within one inch of the class divider, thus obviating the need to design the seat and divider to share loads. The seat will be placed in the upright position during TTOL.

In some implementations, a contoured class divider 720, as illustrated in FIG. 7C, includes a panel section 722 positioned between the storage bin region 714 and at least one leg 724, and a foot 728. The foot 728, for example, may be a portion of the leg(s) 724 that is inserted in floor-mounted seat tracts 712. The panel 722 may be divided in an upper curved region 722 a and in a lower straight region 722 b. The passenger seat 704, as illustrated, may move from a forward position (illustrated in solid lines) to a rearward position (illustrated in dashed lines) where a seatback region 704 a of the passenger seat 704 is nested proximate the upper curved region 722 a of the contoured class divider 720. Although illustrated as being positioned a distance away from the contoured class divider 720, in other embodiments, the contoured class divider 720 may be designed for load sharing between the passenger seat 704 and the upper curved region 722 a (e.g. as where the divider and seat are spaced less than one inch away from each other). As illustrated, the contoured class divider 720 is disposed between the seat tracts 712 of the cabin area and the bin region 714. In other implementations, the contoured class divider 720 may be fixed to other upper cabin area structures.

FIG. 7D shows an alternative embodiment in which the pivot point is mid-way up the panel (as opposed to at the floor mount). The articulation system 726, in some implementations, includes at least one pivot mechanism 726 a to enable articulation of the contoured class divider 720 from the rearward position (solid lines) to the forward position (dashed lines), and vice-versa, via a rotation of at least the upper panel region 722 a of the contoured class divider 720. The at least one pivot mechanism 726 a can be placed at a predetermined position on the contoured class divider 720, in one example, to maximize a gain of space generated by the articulation of the contoured class divider 720 from the rearward position (solid lines) to the forward position (dashed lines). As illustrated, for example, the at least one pivot mechanism 726 a can be placed at approximately the height of an armrest 704 b of the passenger seat 704 (or mid-back region of the passenger therein).

The at least one pivot mechanism 726 a for example, may be configured to rotate the upper panel region 722 a around a rotation axis substantially parallel to a floor of the aircraft cabin, as illustrated in FIG. 7D, providing a rotation range “B” of the contoured class divider 720. The rotation range “B” may be about 2-20 degrees, about 5-15 degrees, about 7-12 degrees or about 10 degrees.

This configuration provides the advantage that the pivoting or rotating mass is reduced. This may permit the use of a higher strength (and heavier) panel construction or a lighter weight or lower strength connector mechanism. The mid-range positioning of the pivot mechanism 726 a, for example, may be configured to lessen a load on the pivot mechanism 726 a as opposed to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7A where the pivot mechanism 702 a is located near the cabin floor. Moreover, this arrangement may more fully optimize usage of the space immediate aft of the seat base in the divider is more closely spaced to the lower portion of the seat even when the divider is in the rearward position. In addition, the rotation of the upper panel section 722 a around the axis of rotation provided by the pivot 726 a allows the lower panel section 722 b to remain fixed, avoiding interference of the articulation of the contoured class divider 720 with items that may be placed below the panel 722 such as carry-on bags. An example recline range may be observed in the difference of position between the contoured class divider 720 in the forward position (dashed lines) and in the rearward position (solid lines).

FIG. 7E illustrates a full height divider that prevents the passengers aft of the divider from placing their luggage under the seats 704. The contoured class divider 730, for example, may be similar to the contoured class divider 10 illustrated in FIG. 4A. This embodiment enhances privacy by more completely separating the main cabin from the premium cabin. This embodiment also provides for the storage of crew luggage, aircraft supplies and/or emergency equipment a cabinet or locker positioned in the gap just forward of the panel and behind the rear seat legs. The cabinet or locker (not shown) may be integrally formed with or rigidly attached to the panel. The recline of the seat is shown in dashed lines.

FIG. 7F shows the panel of FIG. 7E articulated between a rearward position and forward position. The seat 704 is shown in the TTOL position. As discussed above, the seat and divider may be placed closer together (within one inch) if the divider and seats are configured to share loads.

All of the functionality and features described above apply equally to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7E-7F. In some embodiments, a top connector of an articulating contoured divider panel, such as the connector 20 illustrated in FIG. 4 , is designed to interoperate with a locking system. The locking system, in some embodiments, is configured to lock the articulating contoured divider panel after articulation of the contoured class divider panel from a forward position to a rearward position or vice versa. In some embodiments, the locking system may be configured to automatically unlock in the event of a rapid deceleration event to allow articulation from a present position to a forward position, moving the panel away from potential impact with aftwardly positioned passenger seats.

FIGS. 7G, 7H and 7I depict one embodiment which is design to “use” the last inch of clearance which is normally reserved to space apart components such that they do not have to be designed to share loads during normal use and/or emergency landings. The upper portion 752 of the panel has less curvature than the seat such that it will have a known point of impact 748/758 with the seat 704. The known point of impact 748/758, for example, can simplify load sharing simulations in the circumstance of the dynamic load of the panel section 742 meeting the passenger seat 704 in the event of an emergency situation. This may enable the divider to be placed up to an inch closer to the seat 704, thereby providing an extra inch of clearance which may be utilized in the manner described above. All of the functionality and features described above apply equally to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7G-7I.

FIGS. 8A-8C illustrate a locking system 800, according to certain aspects of the disclosure. The locking system 800, in some embodiments, is designed to automatically move an articulating contoured class divider panel into the forward position from a rearward position when the aircraft cabin experiences a deceleration above an emergency deceleration threshold. The emergency deceleration threshold can correspond, in some examples, to a deceleration generated by a forced landing or turbulences and can be between 5 g and 20 g, and particularly between 7 g and 13 g, and in some embodiments around 9 G.

The locking system 800, in some embodiments, includes a body 810 affixed to an overhead stowage bin (such as bin “B” illustrated in FIG. 1 ) or other structure above the passenger seats, a channel 812 in the housing 810, and a shear pin 814 inserted in a rounded end 816 of the channel 812 on one side and affixed to the contoured class divider panel on another side (e.g., such as the connector 20 of FIG. 1 ). The channel 812, as illustrated, includes enlarged ends 816 connected by a narrower channel region 812. The channel 812 can have a curved shape with a minimum width De smaller than a diameter of the shear pin 814 such that the pin 814 is prevented from travel along the channel 812. The channel dimensions and friction coefficients are selected configured such that a predetermined force corresponding to the emergency deceleration threshold will move the shear pin 814 from the first end 816 a to the second end 816 b by causing the material of the housing 810 surrounding the channel 812 to deform. In selected embodiments, the shear pin is a single use item and must be replaced after it is actuated because during actuation the pin and/or body deform or have material sheared off their surface(s). After that occurs, the locking system 800 may no longer activate at the same predetermined force.

In other implementations (not shown) the body permits the pin to move axially from the first end 816 a and to the second end 816 b via manual actuation by a cabin attendant. For example, to prepare for TTOL, the cabin attendant may retract a spring-loaded pin downwards out of an aperture in the housing, articulate the contoured class divider from a rearward position to an upright position, and shift the pin upwards to lock it within a corresponding aperture of the housing. In other embodiments, a manual latch mechanism may releasably retain the pin in the two desired positions. The manual latch may be actuated by a handle disposed on the underside of the overhead bins. The latch and handle may be connected via a cable.

Returning to the embodiment depicted in FIGS. 8A-8C, when the deceleration generated by the emergency is higher than the emergency deceleration threshold, the deceleration generates a force on the articulating contour class divider panel that overcomes the predetermined force, i.e. the force required to overcome the friction between the channel 812 and the pin 814. The force generated on the panel 12 slides the pin 230 along the channel 812 and articulates the contoured class divider 10 from the inclined position and to the upright position. The force generated by the panel during deceleration is a function of its mass and, to a lesser extent, the angular range of motion through which the pin travels. Depending on the density of the panel, the pivot point may be moved mid-way up the divider to provide the desired predetermined force.

When the deceleration generated by the emergency is lower than the emergency deceleration threshold, the deceleration generates a force on the articulating contoured class divider panel that is too weak to overcome the predetermined force, and the pin 814 cannot slide along the channel 812. The pin 814 stays at proximity of the first end 816 a and the contoured class divider panel is maintained in the rearward position.

In other embodiments (not shown), a spring-loaded latch is used to retain the pin in the rearward position until the spring latching force is overcome by the predetermined force, at which time the pin moves forward and its received and retained by another latch. In another variation, the pin is permanently biased in the rearward direction.

During deceleration, the pin moves forward and when it reaches the front of the channel it is retained and locked into place with a latch. In still other embodiments, a spring may forwardly bias the pin which is held in the rearward position by a latch. A solenoid may release the pin when an accelerometer detects a predetermined amount of deceleration. At that time the spring moves the pin forward in the channel and another latch receives and retains the pin at the forward end of the channel. In still further embodiments, electro-magnets may be used to hold the pin in place and/or repel a magnetic pin in the desired direction when an accelerometer detects a predetermined amount of deceleration.

In some implementations, an articulating contoured class divider locking system is designed to provide a fixed position panel except in the event of an emergency. The fixed position panel may be configured to withstand a static load meeting or exceeding a dynamic load threshold. Upon exceeding the dynamic load threshold (e.g., indicative of an emergency deceleration condition or other abrupt force), the locking system may release to provide additional clearance for passengers and to avoid passenger injury. In an illustrative example, the locking system may be designed to support static loads of 9 G while remaining in locked position. In the event of a dynamic load of about 16 G pounds or greater, however, the primary locking mechanism of the locking system will release, and the panel will move into a secondary locking position, thus dissipating the inertial load by allowing the panel to shift forward in a controlled manner. For example, in some embodiments, the locking system can automatically articulate the contoured class divider from the inclined position to the forward position when a deceleration generated by an emergency, e.g. a series of turbulences, a forced landing, a sudden braking, or other accident.

A contoured class divider, in some implementations, may vary substantially in weight depending upon a deployment configuration. For example, the contoured class divider may be configured to hold one or more video monitors, pockets filled with reading materials or other passenger convenient items, and/or passenger storage area. In a particular example, a baby bassinette or other child seating configuration may be suspended from the contoured class divider. In these circumstances, it may be desirable to move the pivot point up to the middle of the panel as shown in FIG. 7D. Moreover, a purely mechanical solution for releasing the contoured class divider from its rearward position to an emergency forward position may lack a desired level of precision due to the variability of static weight on the contoured class divider in various applications. In such embodiments one of the electrically triggered mechanisms may be used to actuate the contoured class divider from its in-flight rearward position to the emergency forward position. In one example, a signal from an accelerometer may release a latching mechanism, allowing the contoured class divider to shift forwards under the bias of a spring. The signal, for example, may be received from an accelerometer in the seat, proximate the locking system in the overhead bin, or in the cockpit.

Turning now to FIGS. 9A-9E, a contoured class divider may be designed with weakened structural integrity within a head impact zone to further protect passengers seated to the aft of the contoured class divider in the event of an emergency landing. FIGS. 9A through 9C illustrate forward perspective view of embodiments of contoured class dividers with an enhanced head impact zone 904 for increased passenger safety. Particularly, the head impact zone 904 can be configured to limit a head impact shock between a head of the passenger and the panel of the contoured class divider through use of one or more energy absorbing zones having a predetermined location to face the head when the passenger is in a brace position, e.g. the head on the knees of the passenger.

Turning to FIG. 9A, a series of energy absorbing zone(s) 910 of a contoured class divider 900 can each include a core having slots cut therein and covered by a fabric 912, such as a stretched tissue. The fabric 912, in some examples, can have a similar appearance, texture, and or color as the surrounding surface of the contoured divider panel. In another example, the fabric 912 may be stretched to cover a wider portion of the contoured class divider panel 902 including the energy absorbing zone(s) 910. In a particular example, the fabric 912 may be positioned above a set of pockets 914 and up to the upper region of the panel 902 interfacing with the storage bins or other ceiling structure (not illustrated), as well as across a full width of the contoured divider panel 902. The fabric 912, in some embodiments, can have a predetermined surface tension sufficiently high to have a rigid surface appearance but sufficiently low to deflect when the head impact shock happens. Alternatively, the panel 902 may be composed of layered materials such that one or more interior layers of panel material is removed at the energy absorbing zone(s) 910 and an exterior layer of the panel 902 is intact across the energy absorbing zone(s) 910.

Turning to FIG. 9B, in some embodiments, each energy absorbing zone 910 of a contoured class divider 920 includes perforations or other apertures or cavities in the panel core material to weaken the structural integrity of a contoured divider panel 922 at the energy absorbing zone(s) 910. For example, each energy absorbing zone 910, as illustrated, may include a number of slots 916 machined on the panel 922 to weaken the panel 922. Further, a material such as stretched tissue, as discussed in relation to FIG. 9A, may be positioned, in some implementations, to cover at least the energy absorbing zone(s) 910 to mask the perforations, apertures or cavities in the panel 922.

Turning to FIG. 9C, as illustrated in relation to a contoured class divider 930, in some embodiments, each energy absorbing zone 910 of a contoured class divider 920 includes a cushioning material 934 replacing or partially replacing the panel material of a contoured panel 932. The cushioning material 934, for example, can include a foam material, a mesh material, and/or a flexible material forming a plurality of pockets filled with air and/or gel. Further, a material such as stretched tissue, as discussed in relation to FIG. 9A, may be positioned, in some implementations, to cover at least the energy absorbing zone(s) 910 to mask the cushioning material 934 inserts.

Alternatively, the head impact zone 904, in some implementations, can be configured to avoid contact between the passenger and the contoured panel. For example, the head impact zone 904 can include individual recesses (not illustrated) sufficiently curved forwardly to avoid contact between the head of the passenger and the contoured class divider panel. The embossments, in some implementations, may be covered with a material such as a stretched tissue to mask the embossments.

A skilled artisan will understand that in certain cabin configurations the passengers seated immediately aft of the divider will be positioned sufficiently far away from the divider such that their heads will not impact the divider during an emergency landing. In such configurations, the energy absorbing zones can be omitted or rather included to provide an additional measure of safety.

Turning to FIGS. 9D and 9E, in some implementations, a curved panel portion 942 of a contoured class divider 940 includes a series of flexible reversibly-jointed ribs 944 maintaining a convex profile of the contoured class divider 940, as illustrated in FIG. 9D. The ribs, in some examples, may be designed using materials having sufficient tensile strength and rigidity to withstand a load imposed by a large adult passenger (e.g., up to 300 pounds). In some examples, the materials may include titanium, aluminum, plastics. etc. However, upon a sufficient dynamic load impact such as a dynamic load created by passenger head impact with the panel 942, the flexible reversibly-jointed ribs 944 may reverse the convex jointed orientation. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 9E, the ribs 944 may reverse their joint orientation, causing the panel 942 to warp to a concave orientation. In some embodiments, the panel 942 may be designed using sufficiently flexible material to allow for warping of the panel 942.

This embodiment provides the advantage that the divider may be moved entirely out of the range of the passengers' heads. Alternatively, this approach may be used in combination with an energy absorbing zone to minimize the extent and force of the impact with the passengers' heads. To further protect the passengers seated behind the contoured class divider 940, in some embodiments, the flexible reversibly-jointed ribs 944 may be designed to lock into and maintain the concave position upon impact. For example, by preventing return to the convex orientation, the passenger's heads may be spared a bounce-back impact by the ribs 944.

In some implementations, rather than depending upon a dynamic load impact to reverse the orientation of the reversibly-jointed ribs 944, the ribs may include a dynamic load trigger. In one example, a load sensor built into the locking mechanism at the top of the contoured divider panel may both release the contoured divider panel from its rearward position and trigger reversal of the reversibly-jointed ribs 944. In a particular example, a hinge 946 of each rib 944 may surround an inflatable material such as an inflatable tube. By forcing air into the inflatable tubes, for example, the hinge mechanism holding the ribs in the present orientation may be broken, causing the ribs to reverse orientation and thereby assume the concave orientation.

FIGS. 10A-10C illustrate alternative embodiments having known points of impact between the divider and the seats which permits determination of load sharing and thereby permits “use” of the last inch of clearance between the divider and the seats. In some embodiments, a contoured class divider panel includes one or more impact protrusions positioned on a fore surface of contoured class divider panel facing the seatbacks of the aft passenger seats such that at least one protrusion corresponds to each passenger seat back, providing known impact points between the contoured class divider panel and the seat backs when the contoured class divider panel contacts the passenger seats due to a strong deceleration, e.g. above 10 g. The impact protrusions, for example, may be used to provide predictable impact characteristics by identifying known localized impact points between the fore passenger seats and the contoured class divider. Thus, the impact protrusions may simplify impact predictions in meeting regulation requirements for design of the contoured class divider. This may be especially important in a contoured class divider panel which remains nested closely to, if not abutting, the fore passenger seat backs. For example, by providing the impact protrusions for load-sharing modeling purposes, a seating arrangement including a contoured class divider may be designed with a gap between the contoured class divider and the fore passenger seat(s) of less than about one inch, or even less than one inch.

FIGS. 10A and 10C are aft perspective views of contoured class dividers 1000, 1020 incorporating impact protrusions at approximately a shoulder height of a passenger (e.g., below a headrest of the passenger seats 1002). Turning to FIG. 10A, the contoured class divider 1000 includes a set of impact protrusions 1004 a, 1004 b, each impact protrusion positioned behind a respective passenger seat 1002 a, 1002 b. In this manner, a weight of material used to provide the impact protrusions 1004 may be limited, and no impact protrusion will be visible through a gap that may be between the passenger seats 1002 a, 1002 b. Turning to FIG. 10C, the contoured class divider 1020 includes a single impact protrusion 1022 positioned behind the passenger seats 1002. In this manner, the installation may be simplified and a variety of seating styles may be used without concern for proper centering behind each passenger seat 1002. Although illustrated as a curved “speed bump” of material, in other implementations, the impact protrusions 1004, 1022 may be designed as having a triangular cross section or rectangular cross section.

In some implementations, the impact protrusions 1004, 1022 are manufactured as part of the panel 1006, 1024 of the contoured class divider 1000, 1020. In other implementations, the impact protrusions 1004, 1022 are affixed to the panels 1006, 1024. For example, the impact protrusions 1004, 1022 can be made of materials having a strength sufficiently high to withstand the impact shock between the contoured class divider 1000, 1020 and the passenger seats 1002, such as metallic alloys or high-density plastics. In other embodiments, the impact protrusions are formed of energy absorbing material such as rubber to reduce the peak load transferred between the divider and the seats.

Alternatively, as illustrated in FIG. 10B, in some embodiments, passenger seats 1014 installed in front of a contoured class divider 1010 may include one or more impact protrusions 1016 disposed to create a known contact surface with a panel 1012 of the contoured class divider 1010. In this manner, the impact protrusions 1016 may be precisely positioned upon each seat back.

In some embodiments, a number, depth, surface area, shape, material composition, and/or positioning of each impact protrusion 1004, 1016, 1022 may be selected to simplify impact simulations and/or to limit damage caused by the impact between the contoured class divider 1000, 1010, 1020 and the passenger seats 1002, 1014. For example, by disposing the impact protrusion(s) 1004, 1022 upon the contoured class divider 1000, 1020 (or, alternatively, protrusions 1016 on the passenger seats 1014), a known point of impact is created between the passenger seats 1002 (1014) and the contoured class divider 1000, 1020, (1010) thus simplifying calculations for load sharing in emergency circumstances.

In some implementations, each impact protrusion 1002, 1022 is disposed in a panel reinforced area of the fore surface of the contoured class divider panel 1006, 1024 configured to withstand the impact shock between the contoured class divider 1000, 1020 and the passenger seats 1002. The panel reinforced area can be made of a material having a strength higher than a material composing the panel 1000, 1020, e.g. high-density polyethylene, Delrin, steel alloy, acrylic, a thickness greater than a thickness of the panel 12, and/or a density greater than a density of the panel 12. Similarly, each impact protrusion 1016 may be disposed in a passenger seat reinforced area of the aft surface of the passenger seats 1014 of FIG. 10B.

Each impact protrusion 1002, 1016, 1022, in some implementations, is coated with an energy absorbing layer to provide a damping between the contoured class divider panel 1006, 1024, 1012, and the passenger seats 1002, 1014. For example, the energy absorbing layer may limit scratching and other damage to the contoured class divider panel 1006, 1024, 1012 and/or the passenger seats 1002, 1014. The energy absorbing layer may be made from elastic materials such as elastomer alloys, rubber alloys, or the like.

One advantage of deploying the protrusions on the divider is that the seats need not be customized. The seats positioned directly in front of the divider may have the same configuration and construction as the remainder or majority of the seats in that cabin.

FIG. 11 is a side view of a contoured class divider 1100 affixed to at least one passenger seat 1102 according to certain aspects of the disclosure. The contoured class divider 1100 can be directly affixed to the seat(s) 1102, for example, without affixing to a structure of the floor of the cabin, such as an in-floor track. For example, the contoured class divider 10 can at least one divider leg 1104 affixed to an aft part of a leg 1108 of the passenger seat 1102 via a fixation system 1106. The fixation system 1106 can include a bracket 1110 affixed to one end to the divider leg 1104 and to the other end to the leg 1108 of the passenger seat 1102. Such an arrangement may require the divider to pass the 16 G dynamic test because it is mounted to a passenger restraint system (the seat). However, this arrangement provides additional ingress/egress foot clearance for the passengers seated immediately aft of the divider and may optimize usage of the space immediately aft of the rear seat leg. Moreover, the use of the connecting system to secure the top of the divider to the overhead bin may provide sufficient support such that the panel does not impart unacceptable additional load on the seat during an emergency landing.

FIGS. 12 and 13 illustrate a further embodiment before and after a crash event. Before the crash event, the partition, wall or divider 1253 is in position 1253 a. Seatback 1251 is depicted in an upright TTOL position. The divider 1253 is hinged attached to the cabin floor at pivot 1252. A spring 1250 is held in an extended position until a crash event occurs. Pyrotechnic pin puller 1304 is coupled to a flange member 1303 which holds the panel 1301 in the normal operating position 1301 a. Upon detection of a crash condition, an inertial switch (not shown) triggers the puller 1304, at which time flange 1303 is released from the retaining member. At that time, the panel moves forward under the force of the spring as well as the inertia of the divider 1253. The divider 1253 moves forward in the cabin to position 1301 b/1253 b. The tension provided by the spring 1250 maintains the panel in position 1253 b after the crash event.

In some embodiments, the weight of the divider 1253 is sufficient that a spring force is not needed. In fact, in some embodiments, the divider 1253 may be heavy enough to require the use of a compression spring (rather than the depicted tension spring) to impede the travel of the divider 1253 to position 1301 b. In such an alternative, a latch mechanism may be used to retain the panel in position 1301 b. Without the use of such a latch, the divider 1253 would return to position 1301 a after the crash event.

FIG. 14 depicts an alternative to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 12-13 . In this embodiment, a channel 1401 is disposed in the underside of the overhead bins, in a manner similar to that shown in FIG. 12 . A pyrotechnic pin puller 1402 is mounted on the side of the channel 1402 and pin 1403 securely holds panel 1404 in place via a flange. Inertial switch 1405 is used to trigger the puller 1402. A torsion spring and bar assembly 1406 is coupled to legs 1206. The assembly 1406 may apply torque in either direction depending on whether it is desired to promote or inhibit the forward movement of the panel during a crash event.

FIG. 15 shows another embodiment wherein a pneumatic actuator 1501 is used to control the travel of the divider 1253. As with the embodiments described immediately above, channel or rail 1505 is slidably engaged with a coupling 1505 that connects the divider 1504 to the actuator. In the depicted embodiment, the pneumatic actuator helps propel the divider 1504 forward during a crash event, during which a shear pin (not shown) breaks and releases the coupling 1505 from the pneumatic actuator.

In an alternative, pin is not designed to break during a crash event, in which case the pneumatic actuator 1501 can propel the divider 1504 toward position 1504 b during a first portion of the travel, whereafter the actuator 1501 can impede the progress of the divider 1504. Slowing the panel during the second half of its travel may help preserve structural integrity of the panel and limit impact with the seat back 1251.

In still a further embodiment, the pneumatic actuator 1501 is configured to impede the progress of the divider 1504 toward position 1504 b during its entire the travel. This may be advantageous where the divider 1504 is relatively heavy, in which case there may be no need to provide additional force urging the panel forwardly during a crash event.

FIG. 16 shows a further alternative where a catch 1602 is mounted to a stowage bin structure 1601. A blade 1603 is received in the catch and is held in place by a pawl 1604 rigidly coupled to a pivoting pendulum 1605. During a crash, inertial forces cause pendulum to swing forwardly to position 1605 b, thereby causing the pawl 1604 to release from the blade member 1603. Thereafter the blade 1603 may rotate relative to the catch 1602, which in turn releases the panel 1605 from the catch 1602.

Turning to the embodiment of FIG. 17 , economy class seat 1703 is separated from business class seat 1704 by a divider 1705/1708. The expected travel of the head of the passenger in seat 1703 during a crash event interferes with divider in its normal operating position 1705 a/1708 a. This permits the seats 1703/1704 to be positioned more closely to one another, thereby saving space and, in certain cabin configurations, permitting the installation of an additional row of seats. The seatback 1702 of seat 1704 articulates between an upright position 1702 a and a reclined position 1702 b. When the divider 1705/1708 is in its normal operating position the seatback 1702 may be reclined 1702 b. Immediately prior to a crash event the seatback is expected to be in the TTOL position 1702 a. The upper divider portion is comprised of the panel 1705 and a pocket member 1706 which together form a telescoping or “slip joint” panel structure that can accommodate changes in the distance between pop joint 1707 and the pivot connecting the pocket member 1706 to the stowage bin structure.

During a crash event, the inertial forces on divider 1705/1708 overcome the locking force of pop joint 1707 and the divider components articulate to positions 1708 b, 1705 b and 1706 b by articulation of pivots 1707 and 1709. In this operating position the divider does not interfere with the expected arch of travel of the head of the passenger seated in seat 1703, thereby meeting safety guidelines. The pocket member 1706 may be equipped with a damping member to impede the travel of the divider panel 1705 b into pocket member 1706, which may help slow the travel of the divider which in turn may help preserve structural integrity of the divider and reduce impact on the seatback 1702.

Turning to the embodiment of FIG. 18 , economy class seat 1803 is separated from business class seat 1804 by a divider 1801/1808. The expected travel of the head of the passenger in seat 1803 during a crash event interferes with divider 1801/1808 in its normal operating position 1805 a/1808 a. This permits the seats 1803/1804 to be positioned more closely to one another, thereby saving space and, in certain cabin configurations, permitting the installation of an additional row of seats. The seatback 1802 of seat 1804 articulates between an upright position 1802 a and a reclined position 1802 b. When the divider 1801/1808 is in its normal operating position the seatback 1802 may be reclined 1802 b. Immediately prior to a crash event the seatback 1802 is expected to be in the TTOL position 1802 a. Located above the divider portion 1801 is a monitor or stowage compartment 1806, which is mounted to the overhead stowage bin structure. A pop joint joins the upper divider 1801 and lower divider 1808.

During a crash event, the inertial forces on divider 1801 overcome the locking force of pop joint and the divider 1801 articulates to position 1808 b. In this operating position the divider 1801 does not interfere with the expected arch of travel of the head of the passenger seated in seat 1803, thereby meeting safety guidelines. The stowage compartment or monitor 1806 is configured to permit the depicted travel of the upper divider 1801.

Turning to the embodiment of FIG. 19 , economy class seat 1903 is separated from business class seat 1904 by a divider 1901/1906/1908. The expected travel of the head of the passenger in seat 1903 during a crash event interferes with divider in its normal operating position 1901 a/1908 a. This permits the seats 1903/1904 to be positioned more closely to one another, thereby saving space and, in certain cabin configurations, permitting the installation of an additional row of seats. The seatback 1902 of seat 1904 articulates between an upright position 1902 a and a reclined position 1902 b. When the divider 1901/1908 is in its normal operating position the seatback 1902 may be reclined 1902 b. Immediately prior to a crash event the seatback is expected to be in the TTOL position 1902 a. The upper divider portion is comprised of the panel 1901 and a stationary panel member 1906 connected by a magnetic catch which is set to release at a load of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 G or values therebetween. Lower panel 1908 is coupled to base member 1909 by a rotary speed limiter.

During a crash event, the inertial forces on divider 1901/1908 overcome the locking force of the magnetic catch and the divider 1901/1908 begins to articulate to positions 1908 b by articulation of the rotary speed limiter which impedes the travel of the divider. That may help slow the travel of the divider 1901/1908 which in turn may help preserve structural integrity of the divider 1901/1908 and reduce impact on the seatback 1902. In operating position 1908 b the divider 1901/1908 does not interfere with the expected arch of travel of the head of the passenger seated in seat 1903, thereby meeting safety guidelines.

Turning to the embodiment of FIG. 20 , economy class seat 2003 is separated from business class seat 2004 by a divider 2001/2006/2008. The expected travel of the head of the passenger in seat 2003 during a crash event interferes with divider 2001/2006/2008 in its normal operating position 2001 a/2008 a. This permits the seats 2003/2004 to be positioned more closely to one another, thereby saving space and, in certain cabin configurations, permitting the installation of an additional row of seats. The seatback 2002 of seat 2004 articulates between an upright position 2002 a and a reclined position 2002 b. When the divider 2001/2008 is in its normal operating position the seatback 2002 may be reclined 2002 b. Immediately prior to a crash event the seatback is expected to be in the TTOL position 2002 a. The upper divider portion is comprised of the panel 2001 and a stationary panel member 2006 connected by a magnetic catch which is set to release at a load of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 G or values therebetween. Lower panel 2008 is pivotably coupled to base member 2009 such that the base of divider 2008 is spaced apart from a shock absorbing ram.

During a crash event, the inertial forces on divider 2001/2008 overcome the locking force of the magnetic catch and the divider 2001/2008 begins to articulate to positions 2008 b until the divider 2008 engages the ram, which thereafter helps slow the travel of the divider 2001/2006/2008 which in turn may help preserve structural integrity of the divider 2001/2006/2008 and reduce impact on the seatback 2002. In operating position 2008 b the divider 2001/2006/2008 does not interfere with the expected arch of travel of the head of the passenger seated in seat 2003, thereby meeting safety guidelines.

Turning to the embodiment of FIG. 21 , economy class seat 2103 is separated from business class seat 2104 by a divider 2101/2106/2108. The expected travel of the head of the passenger in seat 2103 during a crash event interferes with divider 2101/2106/2108 in its normal operating position 2101 a/2108 a. This permits the seats 2103/2104 to be positioned more closely to one another, thereby saving space and, in certain cabin configurations, permitting the installation of an additional row of seats. The seatback 2102 of seat 2104 articulates between an upright position 2102 a and a reclined position 2102 b. When the divider 2101/2108 is in its normal operating position the seatback 2102 may be reclined 2102 b. Immediately prior to a crash event the seatback is expected to be in the TTOL position 2102 a. The upper divider portion is comprised of the panel 2101 and a stationary panel member 2106 connected by a magnetic catch which is set to release at a load of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 G or values therebetween. Lower panel 2108 is pivotably coupled to base member 2109.

During a crash event, the inertial forces on divider 2101/2108 overcome the locking force of the magnetic catch and the divider 2101/2108 articulates to position 2108 b at which time the forward progress of the divider 2101/2106/2108 is halted by a stop panel hingedly connected to the divider 2101/2018 and the overhead stowage bin structure. Us of rotary speed limiters at these hinge points help slow the travel of the divider 2101/2106/2108 which in turn may help preserve structural integrity of the divider 2101/2106/2108 and reduce impact on the seatback 2102. In operating position 2108 b the divider 2101/2106/2108 does not interfere with the expected arch of travel of the head of the passenger seated in seat 2103, thereby meeting safety guidelines.

Turning to the embodiment of FIG. 22 , economy class seat 2203 is separated from business class seat 2204 by a divider 2201/2208. The expected travel of the head of the passenger in seat 2203 during a crash event interferes with divider in its normal operating position 2201 a/2208 a. This permits the seats 2203/2204 to be positioned more closely to one another, thereby saving space and, in certain cabin configurations, permitting the installation of an additional row of seats. The seatback 2202 of seat 2204 articulates between an upright position 2202 a and a reclined position 2202 b. When the divider 2201/2208 is in its normal operating position the seatback 2202 may be reclined 2202 b. Immediately prior to a crash event the seatback 2202 is expected to be in the TTOL position 2202 a. The upper divider portion 2201 is connected to the lower divider portion 2208 via a pop joint that is set to release at a load of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 G or values therebetween. Lower panel 2208 is pivotably coupled to base member 2209 via a rotary speed limiter. Upper panel 2201 is pivotably coupled to the overhead bin structure via a rotary speed limiter.

During a crash event, the inertial forces on divider 2201/2208 overcome the locking force of the pop joint and the divider 2201/2208 begins to articulate to position 2208 b by articulation of the rotary speed limiters which impede the travel of the divider 2201/2208. That may help slow the travel of the divider 2201/2208 which in turn may help preserve structural integrity of the divider 2201/2208 and reduce impact on the seatback 2202. The forward travel of the divider 2201/2208 is halted at the vertical dashed line at position 2208 b. In operating position 2208 b the divider 2201/2208 does not interfere with the expected arch of travel of the head of the passenger seated in seat 2203, thereby meeting safety guidelines. Turning to the embodiment of FIG. 23 , economy class seat 2303 is separated from business class seat 2304 by a divider 2301/2308. The expected travel of the head of the passenger in seat 2303 during a crash event interferes with divider 2301/2308 in its normal operating position 2308 a. This permits the seats 2303/2304 to be positioned more closely to one another, thereby saving space and, in certain cabin configurations, permitting the installation of an additional row of seats. The seatback 2302 of seat 2304 articulates between an upright position 2302 a and a reclined position 2302 b. When the divider 2301/2308 is in its normal operating position the seatback 2302 may be reclined 2302 b. Immediately prior to a crash event the seatback is expected to be in the TTOL position 2302 a. The divider 2301 is connected to the storage bin by a webbing strap retainer 2301. Divider 2308 is pivotably coupled to floor and connected to base member 2309 via a mechanical latch that is set to release at 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, 1400, or 1500 lbf of torque or values therebetween.

During a crash event, the inertial forces on divider 2308 overcome the mechanical latch and the divider 2308 articulates to position 2308 b. The forward travel of the divider 2301/2308 is halted by webbing strap 2301 b. In operating position 2308 b the divider 2301/2308 does not interfere with the expected arch of travel of the head of the passenger seated in seat 2303, thereby meeting safety guidelines.

Turning to the embodiment of FIG. 24 , economy class seat 2403 is separated from business class seat 2404 by a divider 2408. The expected travel of the head of the passenger in seat 2403 during a crash event interferes with divider 2408 in its normal operating position 2408 a. This permits the seats 2403/2404 to be positioned more closely to one another, thereby saving space and, in certain cabin configurations, permitting the installation of an additional row of seats. The seatback 2402 of seat 2404 articulates between an upright position 2402 a and a reclined position 2402 b. When the divider 2401/2408 is in its normal operating position the seatback 2402 may be reclined 2402 b. Immediately prior to a crash event the seatback is expected to be in the TTOL position 2402 a. Located above the divider portion 2401 is a monitor or stowage compartment 2406, which is mounted to the overhead stowage bin structure. A pop joint joins the upper divider 2401 and lower divider 2408. The lower divider 2408 is pivotably coupled to telescoping base member 2409.

During a crash event, the inertial forces on divider 2401 overcome the locking force of pop joint and the pull of gravity on divider 2408 and the telescoping portion of member 2409. The divider 2408 articulates to position 2408 b and is held in place by a mechanical or magnetic latch on the underside of compartment 2406. In this operating position the divider 2408 does not interfere with the expected arch of travel of the head of the passenger seated in seat 2403, thereby meeting safety guidelines. The stowage compartment or monitor 2406 is configured to permit the depicted travel of the upper divider 2401.

Turning to the embodiment of FIG. 25 , economy class seat 2503 is separated from business class seat 2504 by a divider 2501. The expected travel of the head of the passenger in seat 2503 during a crash event interferes with divider 2501 in its normal operating position 2501 a. This permits the seats 2503/2504 to be positioned more closely to one another, thereby saving space and, in certain cabin configurations, permitting the installation of an additional row of seats. The seatback 2502 of seat 2504 articulates between an upright position 2502 a and a reclined position 2502 b. When the divider 2501/2508 is in its normal operating position the seatback 2502 may be reclined 2502 b. Immediately prior to a crash event the seatback is expected to be in the TTOL position 2502 a. The upper divider portion is comprised of the panel 2501 and a stationary panel member connected by a magnetic catch which is set to release at a load of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 G or values therebetween. Panel 2501 is pivotably coupled to base member 2509 and optionally is equipped with a counterweight 2508.

During a crash event, the inertial forces on divider 2501 overcome the locking force of the magnetic catch and the divider 2501 articulates to positions 2508 b. A latch holds the lower edge of panel 2501 and optional counterweight 2508 in position 2501 b. In operating position 2501 b the divider 2501 does not interfere with the expected arch of travel of the head of the passenger seated in seat 2503, thereby meeting safety guidelines.

Turning to the embodiment of FIG. 26 , economy class seat 2603 is separated from business class seat 2604 by a divider 2601. The expected travel of the head of the passenger in seat 2603 during a crash event interferes with divider 2601 in its normal operating position 2601 a. This permits the seats 2603/2604 to be positioned more closely to one another, thereby saving space and, in certain cabin configurations, permitting the installation of an additional row of seats. The seatback 2602 of seat 2604 articulates between an upright position 2602 a and a reclined position 2602 b. When the divider 2601/2608 is in its normal operating position the seatback 2602 may be reclined 2602 b. Immediately prior to a crash event the seatback is expected to be in the TTOL position 2602 a. The panel 2601 is connected to the overhead stowage bin by a catch mechanism 2606 (optionally like the one described in FIG. 16 ) which is set to release at a load of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 G or values therebetween. The lower portion of 2601 has a contoured portion that extends forwardly to utilize space 2608 behind seat 2604.

During a crash event, the inertial forces on divider 2601 overcome the locking force of the catch mechanism 2606 and the divider 2601 articulates to positions 2608 b at which point the travel of the divider 2601 is stopped by webbing strap 2611 as discussed above. In operating position 2601 b the divider 2601 does not interfere with the expected arch of travel of the head of the passenger seated in seat 2603, thereby meeting safety guidelines.

Turning to the embodiment of FIG. 27 , economy class seat 2703 is separated from business class seat 2704 by a divider 2701. The expected travel of the head of the passenger in seat 2703 during a crash event interferes with divider 2701 in its normal operating position 2701 a. This permits the seats 2703/2704 to be positioned more closely to one another, thereby saving space and, in certain cabin configurations, permitting the installation of an additional row of seats. The seatback 2702 of seat 2704 articulates between an upright position 2702 a and a reclined position 2702 b. When the divider 2701/2708 is in its normal operating position the seatback 2702 may be reclined 2702 b. Immediately prior to a crash event the seatback is expected to be in the TTOL position 2702 a. The panel 2701 is connected to the overhead stowage bin by a telescoping slip joint 2706 (optionally like the one described in FIG. 17 ). The structure of the divider prior to a crash event is shown at 2711 a. Cavities 2712 a formed in the divider 2701 permit the divider to readily deform during a crash event.

During a crash event, the inertial forces on divider 2701 (represented by the parallel arrows) overcome the rigidity of the panel construction 2712 a and the divider 2701 articulates to positions 2708 b at which point the travel of the cross-sectional view of divider 2701 is as shown at reference 2711 b. The cavities 2712 b have partially collapsed to permit the divider 2701 to bend. In an embodiment, the deformation is permanent. In operating position 2701 b the divider 2701 does not interfere with the expected arch of travel of the head of the passenger seated in seat 2703, thereby meeting safety guidelines.

Turning to the embodiment of FIG. 28 , economy class seat 2803 is separated from business class seat 2804 by a divider 2801/2806/2808. The expected travel of the head of the passenger in seat 2803 during a crash event interferes with divider 2801/2806/2808 in its normal operating position 2801 a/2808 a. This permits the seats 2803/2804 to be positioned more closely to one another, thereby saving space and, in certain cabin configurations, permitting the installation of an additional row of seats. The seatback 2802 of seat 2804 articulates between an upright position 2802 a and a reclined position 2802 b. When the divider 2801/2808 is in its normal operating position the seatback 2802 may be reclined 2802 b. Immediately prior to a crash event the seatback 2802 is expected to be in the TTOL position 2802 a. Only an inner portion of the panel 2811 b/2811 a is configured to articulate during a crash event. This limits the amount of divider mass that is articulating during the crash event. This embodiment can be equipped with the ancillary mechanisms of any of the foregoing embodiments.

During a crash event, the inertial forces on divider 2811 b/2811 a overcome any locking or latching force and articulates to position 2808 b. In operating position 2808 b the divider 2801/2808 does not interfere with the expected arch of travel of the head of the passenger seated in seat 2803, thereby meeting safety guidelines.

Turning to the embodiment of FIG. 29 , economy class seat 2903 is separated from business class seat 2904 by a divider 2901/2906/2908. The expected travel of the head of the passenger in seat 2903 during a crash event interferes with divider 2901/2906/2908 in its normal operating position 2901 a/2908 a. This permits the seats 2903/2904 to be positioned more closely to one another, thereby saving space and, in certain cabin configurations, permitting the installation of an additional row of seats. The seatback 2902 of seat 2904 articulates between an upright position 2902 a and a reclined position 2902 b. When the divider 2901/2908 is in its normal operating position the seatback 2902 may be reclined 2902 b. Immediately prior to a crash event the seatback 2902 is expected to be in the TTOL position 2902 a. The upper portion 2906 and lower portion 2909 of the divider 2901/2906/2908 are configured to remain substantially stationary during a crash. The center portion 2901 of the divider 2901/2906/2908 is made of a fabric. This embodiment virtually eliminates articulating during the crash event. This embodiment can be equipped with the ancillary mechanisms of any of the foregoing embodiments.

During a crash event, the head of the passenger seated in seat 2903 travels safely through the fabric, optionally tearing it at weakened areas proximate the upper divider portion 2906 or lower divider portion 2909. The lower divider portion 2909 may be constructed of relatively flexible but rigid material to accommodate incidental contact with the passenger.

FIGS. 30-42 illustrate aspects of alternative embodiments which also substantially reduce the articulating mass during a crash event. One such alternative is shown in FIGS. 30-33 . Divider 10 includes an upper panel portion 3004 and a lower panel portion 3007 coupled by outer, frame portions. The upper portion 3004 includes a viewing window 3006 to preserve crew members' line of sight to the next cabin. Divider 10 is rigidly coupled to the cabin floor by legs 16 and optionally coupled to the stowage bin structure by structures such as couplers 20, 42, 64, 66, 82 in FIGS. 1-6 . The articulate portion of the divider 10 is comprised of an upper shell member 3002 and a lower shell member 3009. The upper shell member includes forwardly extending sides 3052 and is coupled to the upper portion via hinges 3001 a, 3001 b. Lower shell member 3009 includes forwardly extending sides 3059 and is coupled to the lower portion 3007 by hinges 3008 a, 3008 b. In the operative position shown in FIG. 30 , the seat 3011 may fully recline.

As shown in FIG. 31 , passenger 3015 assumes a position 3015 b during a crash event. Although not depicted to scale, the shells 3002/3009 would interfere with the head of passenger 3015 b if they had not articulated forward. This permits the seats 3010 and 3005 to be positioned more closely together, as discussed above.

FIG. 32 shows the comparative positioning of the embodiments of FIG. 30 and FIG. 1 after a crash event. Partition 3020 reflects the position of the divider of FIG. 1 after a crash event. In order to accommodate the depicted recline of business class seat 3011, the partition is positioned further after than divider 3004/3007. As can be appreciated from FIG. 32 , the embodiment of FIG. 30 provides several additional inches of clearance relative to even a fixed contoured divider. The embodiment of FIG. 30 provides 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 inches of additional clearance relative to a fixed divider (and values therebetween).

FIG. 33 shows the comparative positioning of the embodiments of FIG. 30 and FIG. 7F after a crash event. Partition 3020 in FIG. 33 reflects the position of the divider of FIG. 7F after a crash event. As can be appreciated from FIG. 32 , the embodiments of FIGS. 7F and 30 provide comparable clearance. However, the embodiment of FIG. 32 provides the advantage of substantially reducing the mass which articulates (and must be stopped in a controlled manner) during a crash event.

FIGS. 34-35 depict a first embodiment of an inertial release mechanism that permits the shells 3002/3009 to articulate from the position shown in FIG. 30 to the position shown in FIG. 31 during a crash event. For purposes of illustration, the release mechanism is shown has being mounted to the interior of the shell 3002 at its forwardly extending sidewall 3052, hidden from view behind seat 3011. The release element 3402 includes an inertial mass portion and a latch portion and is pivotally attached to the shell 3052. The latch is engaged with the stopper during normal use conditions. The latch is locked into the position shown in FIG. 34 by application of an approximately 40 lb. force to the end 3042. The relative positions of pivot 3403 and stopper 3405 are selected to such that the latch releases under a load of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 G (or values therebetween). The stopper 3405 is rigidly mounted to plate 3406, which can be mounted to the other shell member 3009 at its sidewall 3059. Alternatively, plate 3406 can be mounted to a stationary portion of the divider bridging portions 3004 and 3007 or may be mounted to the fuselage or sidewall of the aircraft.

During a crash event, inertial mass 3401 articulates forwardly and causes release mechanism 3402 to move to the position 3401 b/3404 b. In this released condition the latch 3404 b is clear of the stopper 3405 and permits one or both shells 3002/3009 to articulate forwardly, thereby providing clearance for the expected travel of the aft-seated passenger's head during a crash event.

FIG. 36 illustrates an alternative release mechanism for shells 3002, 3009. In this embodiment shell side walls (for instance, side wall 3052) are held in place by a mass pulley release mechanism. A spring-loaded pulley/spool is mounted in a housing 3604 and includes cables attached to stopper 3601 and weight 3602 a. During a crash event, the weight articulates to position 3602 b, overcoming the spring force of the pulley and causing the pulley/spool to rotate in the clockwise direction. This causes the stopper to retract to position 3601 b through slot 3603. Thereafter the side wall 3052 is permitted to move forwardly, as described above. The mass pulley release is mounted as described above in connection with the latch release mechanism.

FIGS. 37-38 depict a mass linkage release mechanism. The operation of this device is similar to that described in connection with FIG. 36 except the linkages 3701-3703 replace the pulley/spool. Spring 3704 biases the system into the normal operating position showing in FIG. 37 . During a crash event, mass 3602 articulates to position 3602 b, which overcomes the force of spring 3704 and pulls linkage 3703, which in turn causes linkage 3702 to pivot into position 3702 b. That, in turn, causes linkage 3701 and stopper 3602 to move into position 3602 b/3701 b.

FIGS. 39-42 illustrate additional embodiments which further reduce the articulating mass during a crash event. The divider 3903 may be equipped with two window areas 3904/3905 to accommodate the travel of the head of the aft-seated passenger. Alternatively, the two window areas 3904/3905 may be merged into a single window 3009. The divider 3903 may optionally be equipped with an upper viewing window 3902. The divider 3903 is mounted to legs (not shown) at fastening locations 3906 a,b. Dual windows 3904/3904 or single window 3909 may be outfitted with flexible fabric panels 4001 having embedded elastic straps (illustrated as solid lateral lines) and covering solid panels 4002 that are hingedly connected to the lower portion of the divider 3908. FIG. 42 depicts the normal operating position of such an embodiment. In FIG. 42 , reference numbers 3904 and 3905 indicate rigid panel cut-outs that are hingedly attached to the lower divider 3908. As shown in FIG. 41 , this construction permits the full recline of business class seat 4104, during which the panels 4002 are held in place by the elastic straps and flexible fabric 4001.

Alternatively, the window solid panels 4002 may be removed, in which case the flexible fabric and straps would conform to seatback 4105 b when the seat 4104 is reclines. This may enhance the usable space of the aft-seated passengers when the seat 4104 is reclined.

Various details related to embodiments of contoured class dividers may be changed without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Furthermore, the foregoing description of embodiments of the contoured class divider and best mode for practicing the use of contoured class dividers as described herein are provided for the purpose of illustration only and not for the purpose of limitation. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A contoured class divider for dividing an aircraft cabin arrangement between at least one forward passenger seat and at least one aft passenger seat, the contoured class divider comprising: a panel positioned adjacent to and rearwardly of the at least one forward seat, the panel having a contoured shape for receiving the back of the forward passenger seat in at least one of a reclined position and an upright position, the panel extending substantially from an underside of an overhead bin to a cabin floor, wherein at least a portion of the panel is configured to deform or break during a crash event due to one or more of a head impact by a passenger in the aft passenger seat with the panel and/or inertial forces of the crash event acting on the panel.
 2. The divider of claim 1, wherein the portion of the panel configured to deform or break during the crash event includes at least one energy absorbing zone on an aft facing portion of the panel for absorbing energy from a passenger's head in the aft passenger seat during a crash event.
 3. The divider of claim 2, wherein the at least one energy absorbing zone includes a portion of the panel having perforations or slots defined in a core of the panel configured to weaken the structural integrity of the panel at the at least one energy absorbing zone, wherein the panel is covered in a fabric having a predetermined surface tension sufficiently high to have a rigid surface appearance but sufficiently low to deflect into the perforations or slots of the core of the panel upon impact of a passenger's head in the aft passenger seat during the crash event.
 4. The divider of claim 2, wherein the at least one energy absorbing zone includes a portion of the panel having perforations or slots machined into the panel to weaken the structural integrity of the panel at the at least one energy absorbing zone for absorbing energy from a passenger's head in the aft passenger seat during the crash event.
 5. The divider of claim 2, wherein the panel is made of a first material, wherein the at least one energy absorbing zone includes a portion of the panel made of a second material, different from the first material, wherein the second material is a cushioning material configured to deform upon impact of a passenger's head in the aft passenger seat during the crash events.
 6. The divider of claim 1, further comprising, an articulating joint disposed in the panel, wherein the panel is configured to bend or deform about the articulating joint.
 7. The divider of claim 6, wherein the articulating joint includes a pop joint disposed in the panel separating the panel into an upper panel portion and a lower portion, wherein the upper panel portion is slidably engaged within an upper support assembly mounted to the underside of the overhead bin, and the lower panel portion is rotatably engaged to the lower support assembly, wherein the panel is configured to bend or deform about the pop joint such that the upper panel portion and the lower panel portion articulate relative to one another about the pop joint to move from an aft position to a forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event.
 8. The divider of claim 6, wherein the articulating joint includes a pop joint disposed in the panel separating the panel into an upper panel portion and a lower portion, wherein the upper panel portion is slidably engaged with an upper support assembly mounted to the underside of the overhead bin, the upper support assembly including a monitor or stowage bin, wherein the upper panel portion is configured to rotate about the pop joint from an aft position to a forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event, wherein in the forward position the upper panel portion is disengaged from the upper support assembly.
 9. The divider of claim 6, wherein the articulating joint includes a pop joint disposed on the lower support assembly above the cabin floor, wherein the panel includes an upper panel portion mounted to the underside of the overhead bin and a lower panel portion rotatably connected to the lower support assembly via the pop joint, wherein the upper portion includes a magnetic catch and wherein the lower panel portion is configured to magnetically interact with the magnetic catch in an aft position, wherein the lower panel portion is configured to rotate about the pop joint from the aft position to a forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event, wherein in the forward position the lower panel portion is disengaged from the upper panel portion.
 10. The divider of claim 9, wherein the lower support assembly further includes a shock absorbing ram, wherein the lower panel portion is configured to rotate about the pop joint from the aft position to the forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event until the lower panel portion engages the shock absorbing ram.
 11. The divider of claim 6, wherein the upper support assembly includes an upper articulating joint mounted to the underside of the overhead bin the upper articulating joint mounted to an underside of the monitor or stowage bin, wherein the articulating joint includes a pop joint disposed in the panel separating the panel into an upper panel portion rotatably connected the upper support assembly and a lower panel portion rotatably connected to the lower support assembly via a lower articulating joint, wherein the upper panel portion and the lower panel portion are configured to rotate relative to one another about the pop joint and about to the upper articulating joint and lower articulating joints respectively to move from an aft position to a forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event.
 12. The divider of claim 11, wherein the lower support assembly further includes a rotary speed limiter configured to limit a speed at which the panel moves to the forward position.
 13. The divider of claim 11, further comprising, a magnetic catch disposed adjacent the upper support assembly and mounted to the underside of the overhead bin, wherein a portion of the upper panel portion configured to magnetically interact with the magnetic catch, wherein the upper panel portion and the lower panel portion are configured to rotate relative to one another about the pop joint and about to the upper articulating joint and lower articulating joints respectively to move from an aft position to a forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event.
 14. The divider of claim 6, wherein the upper support assembly includes a monitor or stowage bin mounted to the underside of the overhead bin and an upper articulating joint, the upper articulating joint mounted to an underside of the monitor or stowage bin, wherein the articulating joint includes a pop joint disposed in the panel separating the panel into an upper panel portion rotatably mounted the upper articulating joint and a lower panel portion slidably engaged within the lower support assembly, wherein the upper panel portion and the lower panel portion are configured to rotate relative to one another about the pop joint and the upper panel portion is configured to rotate about the upper articulating joint to move from an aft position to a forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event, and further comprising, a magnetic catch mounted to an underside of the monitor or stowage bin, wherein a portion of the upper panel portion configured to magnetically interact with the magnetic catch with the panel in the forward position.
 15. The divider of claim 6, wherein the articulating joint is disposed on the lower support assembly above the cabin floor, wherein the panel includes an upper panel portion mounted to the underside of the overhead bin and a lower panel portion rotatably connected to the lower support assembly via the articulating joint, wherein the upper panel portion includes a magnetic catch and wherein the lower panel portion is configured to magnetically interact with the magnetic catch, wherein the lower panel portion is configured to rotate about the articulation joint to move from an aft position to a forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event, wherein in the forward position the lower panel portion is disengaged from the upper panel portion, wherein the lower support assembly further includes a base member and the lower panel portion includes a counterweight at a lower end thereof, wherein the lower panel portion is configured to rotate about the articulating joint to move from the aft position to the forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event until the counterweight engages the base member.
 16. The divider of claim 1, wherein the panel extends from an upper support assembly mounted to the underside of the overhead bin to a lower support assembly, wherein the upper support assembly includes a slip joint and an upper edge of the panel is slidably engaged within the slip joint, wherein the lower support assembly includes an articulating joint mounted to the cabin floor, wherein a lower edge of the panel is rotatably connected to the articulating joint, wherein an aft facing side of the panel includes a plurality of cavities defined therein such that the plurality of cavities are configured to allow the panel to deform from an aft position to a forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event.
 17. The divider of claim 1, wherein the panel includes a upper panel portion fixedly mounted to the underside of the overhead bin, a lower panel portion fixedly mounted to the cabin floor, the lower panel portion offset from the upper panel portion such that the lower panel portion is closer to the forward facing seat than to the aft passenger seat, and a mid panel portion extending between the upper panel portion and the lower panel portion, wherein the mid panel portion is releasably engaged with the upper panel portion and operatively connected to the lower panel portion via an articulating joint, wherein the mid panel portion is configured to rotate about the articulating joint to move from the aft position to the forward position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event, wherein only the mid panel portion is configured to articulate in response to the inertial forces during the crash event.
 18. The divider of claim 1, wherein the panel includes a upper panel portion fixedly mounted to the underside of the overhead bin and made of a first material, a lower panel portion fixedly mounted to the cabin floor and made of a second material, the lower panel portion offset from the upper panel portion such that the lower panel portion is closer to the forward facing seat than to the aft passenger seat, and a mid panel portion extending between the upper panel portion and the lower panel portion and made of a third material different from the first and second materials, wherein the mid panel portion is releasably engaged with the upper panel portion and operatively connected to the lower panel, wherein the mid panel portion is made of a fabric material configured to break away from the upper panel portion to move from an operational position to a released position in response to inertial forces acting on the panel during the crash event, wherein only the mid panel portion is configured to break away in response to the inertial forces during the crash event.
 19. A contoured class divider for dividing an aircraft cabin arrangement between at least one forward passenger seat and at least one aft passenger seat, the contoured class divider comprising: a panel positioned, in use, adjacent to and rearwardly of the at least one forward seat, the panel having a contoured shape for receiving the back of the forward passenger seat in at least one of a reclined position and an upright position, the panel including an upper panel portion and a lower panel portion, the upper panel portion operatively coupled to an underside of an overhead bin and the lower panel portion operatively coupled to a cabin floor; an articulate portion of the panel including an upper shell member hingedly coupled to the upper panel portion and a lower shell member hingedly coupled to the lower panel portion; means to articulate the upper and lower shell members to pivot about their respective hinged couplings from a first position during normal operation to a second position during a crash event; wherein, in the second position the shells are, in use, configured to provide clearance for the expected travel of an aft-seated passenger's head during a crash event; and an inertial release mechanism configured to permit the upper shell member and the lower shell member to articulate from the first position to the second position during a crash event.
 20. A contoured class divider for separating regions of an aircraft cabin between at least one forward passenger seat and at least one aft passenger seat, the contoured class divider comprising: a panel for positioning aft of the at least one forward passenger seat, the panel including one or more panel portions and having a contoured shape for receiving the back of the at least one forward passenger seat in at least a reclined position; an upper assembly for securing the panel to an upper cabin structure; a lower support assembly for securing the panel to a floor of the aircraft cabin; and means to articulate at least an upper panel portion of the one or more panel portions from an aft position during normal operation to a forward position during an emergency event, wherein the upper assembly includes a structure configured to accommodate changes in the distance between the means to articulate and the upper assembly. 